The Peace Process: Should the names for states geo-based or ethnic based?

newspictures_2014_jan-feb-mar_tiger-as-editorI don’t believe a rose would be as nice if it was called a thistle or a skunk cabbage.

L.M. Montgomery, Anne of Green Gables

During the first Union Peace Conference that was held in Naypyitaw, 12-16 January, suggestions were made by military representatives that geographical names for states would help cement the Union better than ethnic names which appeared to segregate one ethnicity from another.

Alternate names were accordingly suggested, such as Kambawza for Shan State, Ramanya for Mon State, Dhanyawaddy for Rakhine State, and so on.

The idea isn’t new. As a matter of fact, it was first proposed during the early sessions of the 14 year long National Convention, organized by the then military government, to lay down basic principles for what became the 2008 constitution. The non-Burman delegates naturally rose up in arms to oppose it and the proposition was withdrawn. As far as i know, it was the only victory that the non-military participants could claim throughout the Convention.

Sai Nyunt Lwin, General Secretary of the Shan Nationalities League for Democracy (SNLD), who was one of the delegates, explained later why his party had rejected it:

Under successive Burman dominated governments, our rights, both individual and ethnic, have been steadily losing ground to the Burmanization drive. What still remains is the states’ names. But now even the last of what we have is to be taken away. On the other hand, had our rights, as stipulated by the Panglong Agreement, been honored, the change of names wouldn’t have been such a big deal.

The 1947 Panglong Agreement, signed by Aung San with Shan, Kachin and Chin leaders had promised full autonomy in internal administration, democracy, human rights and financial autonomy.

Indeed, as Juliet tells Romeo, “that which we call a rose by any other names would smell just as sweet,” had the promises been fulfilled.

But going back to the military’s argument that geographical names for states would help cement the Union than the ethnic names, let us see if there is justification for it.

Czechoslovakia, which later broke up into Czech Republic and Slovakia, was given as a living testimony for the reasoning, apparently ignoring other examples to the contrary, such as:

  • Great Britain, comprising England (Land of English), Scotland (Land of Scots) and Wales (Land of Welsh)
  • United States of America, which has several states with native American names: Alabama, Illinois, lowa, Kansas, Missouri, Utah, and so on

Some here may argue that Scotland hasn’t given up its aim to secede despite its defeat in the referendum in September 2014. But others may say that as long as the benefits of the Union outweigh those of separation there is no worry the Scottish majority will not opt for Better Together.

Coming to this, it may occur to the readers that what binds these countries, even granting it’s the name, is not that of an individual state (s)/or an ethnicity but the collective name of the country:

  • United States of America not United States of Virginia (or others)
  • Great Britain not Greater England
  • India not Hindi
  • China not Han

The inevitable question therefore is:

Is Myanmar a collective name for all of us, including Bamar? Or is it just a classical or poetic title for Bamar, as commented by Daw Aung San Suu Kyi 3 years back?

On the other hand, can anybody prove it is a geographical name? If it is then we should not hesitate to adopt it.

Here it should be noted that according to prominent scholar Dr U Than Tun (not the late Dr Than Tun), even Burma or Bamar (but not Myanmar) can be considered a geographical name, due to the historical fact that the country used to be known, long before the much vaunted Pagan era, as Brahmadesa (Land of Brahma), and that Burma/Bamar is just its spin-off.

I therefore request the military representatives and their allies that they swallow their own medicine first before they try again to shove it down the non-Burmans’ throats.

Leave a Comments

promotion

SHAN Membership

฿ 19฿ 169 /mo
  • ၶဝ်ႈႁူမ်ႈ ႁဵၼ်းဢဝ်ၵၢၼ်ၶၢဝ်ႇ၊ ရေႊတီႊဢူဝ်ႊ၊ ထႆႇႁၢင်ႈ၊ Blogger, Vlog ထႆႇဝီႊတီႊဢူဝ်ႊ တတ်းတေႃႇ ႁဵတ်းဢွၵ်ႇ ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ
  • ၶဝ်ႈႁူမ်ႈၵၢၼ်တူင်ႉၼိုင်ၸုမ်းၶၢဝ်ႇၽူႈတွႆႇႁွၵ်ႈ ၼႂ်းၶၵ်ႉၵၢၼ်ပူၵ်းပွင်ၵၢၼ်သိုဝ်ႇ
  • ၶဝ်ႈႁူမ်ႈပၢင်လႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈပိုၼ်ႉႁူႉပၢႆးႁၼ် ဢၼ်ၸုမ်းၶၢဝ်ႇၽူႈတွႆႇႁွၵ်ႈၸတ်းႁဵတ်း
  • ၶဝ်ႈႁူမ်ႈပၢင်ဢုပ်ႇဢူဝ်းတွင်ႈထၢမ် ၵဵဝ်ႇၵပ်းငဝ်းလၢႆးၵၢၼ်မိူင်း၊ ၵၢၼ်မၢၵ်ႈမီး၊ ပၢႆးမွၼ်း လႄႈ ႁူဝ်ၶေႃႈ ဢၼ်ၶႂ်ႈႁူႉၶႂ်ႈငိၼ်း။
  • လႆႈႁပ်ႉဢၢၼ်ႇ ၶၢဝ်ႇၶိုၵ်ႉတွၼ်း ပိူင်ပဵၼ်ဝူင်ႈလႂ်ဝူင်ႈ ၼၼ်ႉ။

Related article

Latest article

NSPNC and UWSA representatives meet in Naypyidaw

FROM PARTITION TO PLURALISM: Reimagining Myanmar’s Unity Beyond the Three Realities

0
The Myanmar military-dominated, so-called quasi-civilian government led by Min Aung Hlaing, popularly known in Burmese as “Yway-Tu,” meaning “fakely-elected” regime, has been trying to...
Thai Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul holds hands with Myanmar junta leader Min Aung Hlaing

Rare Earth Mining, Toxic Rivers Expose Gaps in Bangkok’s Cross-Border Pollution Pact

0
Inside Bangkok’s opulent Queen Sirikit National Convention Center, Myanmar’s military junta leader and Thai government officials smiled as they signed a series of bilateral...
A civilian home demolished by junta troops in Mongmit Township, northern Shan State

Junta Destroys Civilian Homes in Mongmit Amid SSPP Peace Talks

0
The military regime has destroyed two civilian homes in the Mong Hauk Village Tract of Mongmit Township after accusing the homeowners of having ties...
A road connecting towns in northern Shan State

Northern Shan Trade Disrupted by Rising Checkpoint Fees and Road Restrictions

0
Merchants and drivers report that checkpoint fees and road-clearance bribes extorted at military regime checkpoints along the route from Nawnghkio in northern Shan State...
Gen N'ban La

THE STALEMATE OF TWO IRRECONCILABLE PATHS: Why Conditional Mediation is Myanmar’s Only Way Out

0
The political and military landscape of Myanmar as of August 2026 is defined by a deepening and rigid stalemate where neither the military junta...